
Brookline author Michelle Amazeen turns a critical eye in her new book to an increasingly common form of advertising that resembles news articles and can confuse readers.
Amazeen, an associate professor of mass communication at Boston University, spoke Thursday at BU’s Institute for Global Sustainability, joined by former New York Times executive editor Jill Abramson,.
Amazeen’s book, “Content Confusion: News Media, Native Advertising, and Policy in an Era of Disinformation,” focuses on the harmful nature of so-called native advertising, which she described in an interview with Brookline.News as “content that mimics content around it.”
Many news organizations, especially legacy outlets, publish articles that resemble news stories but are really paid advertisements. These ads, Amazeen said, are a major source of revenue for some news outlets, many of which are facing financial challenges.
During her talk, Amazeen zeroed in on how fossil fuel companies utilize native ads – also known as sponsored content – as a way to reframe themselves in the climate change conversation. Amazeen showed an example from The New York Times , a post exploring “how scientists are tapping algae and plant waste to fuel a sustainable future.” The headline suggested this science was “the future of energy,” when it was actually an ad paid for by ExxonMobil.
“They leverage this practice a lot,” Amazeen said. “And sometimes what they’re claiming in their sponsored content contradicts what’s coming out of the newsroom.”
Many publications now have in-house content studios – internal teams, distinct from the newsroom, that write articles painting advertisers in a favorable light. These articles usually include labels such as “sponsored content” or “from our partners,” but they can sow confusion by disorienting readers who may not notice the labels.
The way we get information is constantly shifting, particularly now with the advent of generative AI and the proliferation of deep fakes, Amazeen said. Such developments reinforce the need for journalistic integrity.
“People don’t have the time to verify the accuracy of all the stuff that is coming out on social media,” Amazeen said. “So who should they be turning to only be putting up accurate information? Our news media, our news outlets.”
The proliferation of sponsored content can demoralize journalists and affect news coverage, Amazeen said. Some studies cited in her book show that news companies’ reporting on a specific company decreases after they run native advertisements. Companies, especially those that have been known for negative climate impacts, want to “borrow the halo of credibility” from news organizations that readers trust, Amazeen said.
Ashley Dwyer, a BU Earth and Environment PhD candidate who was in the audience at the talk, said similar conversations about how to effectively communicate information to the public occur in her lab.
“These companies are trying to continue the status quo of how we treat the Earth,” Dwyer said. For people who casually consume news, she said it can be hard to discern an article from advertisement.
Melissa Martin, another Earth and Environment PhD candidate in the audience, said she agreed.
“It’s too much for an average person to consider,” Martin said. “It’s unfair to put responsibility on a reader who is now working under a changed contract with the news.”
Before writing about native advertising, Amazeen studied the emergence of the fact-checking movement and the effects of misleading political ads on consumers, and co-edited the book “Key Thinkers in Critical Communication Scholarship: From the Pioneers to the Next Generation.” She became interested in the phenomenon of native advertising around 2016, when she read the book “Black Ops Advertising” by Mara Einstein, which is where she borrowed the term “content confusion” from.
Amazeen, who said she considers herself a news advocate, said worries that some people may try to weaponize her book to discredit news. She said she wants to push to eliminate native advertising that can subvert the integrity of news publications.
“I don’t want to leave everybody in a depressed state,” Amazeen said.
“But you want to leave them on alert,” Abramson said.
This story is part of a partnership between Brookline.News and the Boston University Department of Journalism.







